Comparison of GPS derived TEC with the TEC predicted by IRI 2012 model in the southern Equatorial Ionization Anomaly crest within the Eastern Africa region

We have compared the TEC obtained from the IRI-2012 model with the GPS derived TEC data recorded within southern crest of the EIA in the Eastern Africa region using the monthly means of the 5 international quiet days for equinoxes and solstices months for the period of 2012 – 2013. GPS-derived TEC data have been obtained from the Africa array and IGS network of ground based dual-frequency GPS receivers from four stations (Kigali (1.95°S, 30.09°E; Geom. Lat. 11.63°S), Malindi (2.99°S, 40.19°E; Geom. Lat. 12.42°S), Mbarara (0.60°S, 30.74°E; Geom. Lat. 10.22°S) and Nairobi (1.22°S, 36.89°E; Geom. Lat. 10.69°S)) located within the EIA crest in this region. All the three options for topside Ne of IRI-2012 model and ABT-2009 for bottomside thickness have been used to compute the IRI TEC. Also URSI coefficients were considered in this study. These results are compared with the TEC estimated from GPS measurements. Correlation Coefficients between the two sets of data, the Root-Mean Square Errors (RMSE) of the IRI-TEC from the GPS-TEC, and the percentage RMSE of the IRI-TEC from the GPS-TEC have been computed. Our general results show that IRI-2012 model with all three options overestimates the GPS-TEC for all seasons and at all stations, and IRI-2001 overestimates GPS-TEC more compared with other options. IRI-Neq and IRI-01-corr are closely matching in most of the time. The observation also shows that, GPS TEC are underestimated by TEC from IRI model during noon hours, especially during equinoctial months. Further, GPS-TEC values and IRI-TEC values using all the three topside Ne options show very good correlation (above 0.8). On the other hand, the TEC using IRI-Neq and IRI-01- corr had smaller deviations from the GPS-TEC compared to the IRI-2001.     

Research on navigation of satellite constellation based on an asynchronous observation model using X-ray pulsar

Pulsar navigation is a promising navigation method for high-altitude orbit space tasks or deep space exploration. At present, an important reason for restricting the development of pulsar navigation is that navigation accuracy is not high due to the slow update of the measurements. In order to improve the accuracy of pulsar navigation, an asynchronous observation model which can improve the update rate of the measurements is proposed on the basis of satellite constellation which has a broad space for development because of its visibility and reliability. The simulation results show that the asynchronous observation model improves the positioning accuracy by 31.48% and velocity accuracy by 24.75% than that of the synchronous observation model. With the new Doppler effects compensation method in the asynchronous observation model proposed in this paper, the positioning accuracy is improved by 32.27%, and the velocity accuracy is improved by 34.07% than that of the traditional method. The simulation results show that without considering the clock error will result in a filtering divergence.     

Orbital stability close to asteroid 624 Hektor using the polyhedral model

We investigate the orbital stability close to the unique L4-point Jupiter binary Trojan asteroid 624 Hektor. The gravitational potential of 624 Hektor is calculated using the polyhedron model with observational data of 2038 faces and 1021 vertexes. Previous studies have presented three different density values for 624 Hektor. The equilibrium points in the gravitational potential of 624 Hektor with different density values have been studied in detail. There are five equilibrium points in the gravitational potential of 624 Hektor no matter the density value. The positions, Jacobian, eigenvalues, topological cases, stability, as well as the Hessian matrix of the equilibrium points are investigated. For the three different density values the number, topological cases, and the stability of the equilibrium points with different density values are the same. However, the positions of the equilibrium points vary with the density value of the asteroid 624 Hektor. The outer equilibrium points move away from the asteroid’s mass center when the density increases, and the inner equilibrium point moves close to the asteroid’s mass center when the density increases. There exist unstable periodic orbits near the surface of 624 Hektor. We calculated an orbit near the primary’s equatorial plane of this binary Trojan asteroid; the results indicate that the orbit remains stable after 28.8375?d.     

空间载荷机柜热控设计的仿真研究

空间站主动热控系统的作用是提供和保持航天员、仪器设备和结构部件所要求的温度、湿度和风速等热环境。本文以空间载荷机柜为热控系统的基本单元，建立了以单相流体循环回路为基础、采用液冷结合风冷的冷却方式的载荷机柜数学模型；介绍了模糊增量控制算法的工作原理；提出了采用模糊增量控制算法，以液冷支路进出口温差和风冷支路冷却量占总冷却量的比值为控制目标的反馈控制策略。同时文章采用数值模拟方法研究了控制系统的动态响应效果。仿真结果显示，模糊增量控制算法具有响应迅速、超调量小、无静态误差的特点，控制策略满足有效性、稳定性和高精确度的要求。     

A systematic spatial bias in remembering eye positions

Categorical bias in location memory in geometric spaces is well established. The present study assessed the presence of the bias in locating eyes in images of human faces. Participants were presented with digital faces and indicated the position of one of the eyes in both upright and inverted orientations. Biases resulted from participants using multiple sources of accessible information. No differences were found for upright vs. inverted face images. Overall, the data were consistent with the retrieval category adjustment model. These distortions may be considered within the forensic context, when eyewitnesses work with a sketch artist or use a computer program to generate an image of the culprit.     

六自由度激励台精密高刚度铰链结构设计与试验应用

精密高刚度铰链作为六自由度并联激励平台中的关键组件,其性能高低对激励台的控制精度有直接影响。针对铰链所需满足的高刚度、高基频和无间隙等要求,文章提出了基于虎克铰结构的铰链设计方法。首先根据铰链所处的工况确定选用圆锥滚子轴承作为旋转支撑部件,并通过对轴承的配置和预紧实现无间隙振动运动的要求,从而确定了铰链结构形式。然后,利用有限元法校核了结构的刚度与基频,进而完成铰链结构方案和样机制造,并将样机集成于激励台中。最后,开展了铰链动态特性试验和激励台振动控制试验,分别获取了铰链的基频和激励台控制响应。结果表明,铰链可满足激励台工作频段内的使用要求,铰链设计合理。     

An improved numerical method for constructing Halo/Lissajous orbits in a full solar system model

An improved numerical method that can construct Halo/Lissajous orbits in the vicinity of collinear libration points in a full solar system model is investigated. A full solar system gravitational model in the geocentric rotating coordinate system with a clear presentation of the angular velocity relative to the inertial coordinate system is proposed. An alternative way to determine patch points in the multiple shooting method is provided based on a dynamical analysis with Poincare′sections. By employing the new patch points and sequential quadratic programming, Halo orbits for L_1, L_2, and L_3 points as well as Lissajous orbits for L_1 and L_2 points in the EarthMoon system are generated with the proposed full solar system gravitational model to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

全模颤振风洞试验三索悬挂系统多体动力学分析

全模颤振风洞试验需要通过软支撑系统模拟飞行器的自由飞行状态并调整模型姿态达到配平状态。参考NASA双索悬挂方案，提出了一种两电机驱动的三索悬挂系统，利用后方两索的同向/反向联动实现模型俯仰和滚转姿态的调整，利用弹簧刚度以及钢绳张力设计实现支撑频率要求。基于柔性多体动力学方法，建立了包括飞行器刚体模型、柔性索、滑轮、弹簧、气动力模型、伺服电机控制在内的复杂系统动力学模型，其中，利用任意拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）变长度索单元描述钢绳，利用不约束物质坐标的索结点约束描述钢绳与滑轮相互作用，利用索结点物质输运速度约束描述伺服电机绞盘，利用飞行力学的气动力模型描述吹风下的气动力。基于该模型，通过小扰动响应辨识研究了弹簧刚度、钢绳张力、连接点位置等因素对支撑频率的影响规律，并分析了系统姿态调整能力，俯仰调整范围达到-12.5°~12.5°，滚转调整范围达到-45°~45°。采用滑轮处电位计测量的钢绳相对位移作为反馈信号，基于设计的控制律利用多体动力学求解器与Simulink对风洞吹风下的姿态调整过程进行仿真，模型达到配平状态，获得了吹风下的索拉力和伺服电机功率，为系统设计提供基础。     

机载移动端场面引导软件设计与仿真研究

为了减轻飞行员在繁忙机场场面运行的工作负荷，提升场面运行安全与效率，设计了一种基于移 动电子设备运行的场面引导软件。其采用可扩展架构和模块化功能设计，通过无线通信网络与综合场面监视系 统交联，实现场面引导功能。仿真测试表明，机载移动端场面引导软件能够为飞机在场面滑行操作提供路径引 导信息和冲突告警提示，可提升运行效率和安全性，具有一定的使用价值。